An AVL Tree is a self-balancing Binary Search Tree (BST). In a normal BST, the tree can become unbalanced, which makes searching slow. An AVL Tree solves this problem by automatically maintaining balance after every insertion or deletion. Why do we need an AVL Tree? Let’s understand the problem first. In a BST, if we…
A binary tree is a structure where every node can have at most two children. It is one of the most important topics in data structures because many advanced data structures are built using this concept. In this binary tree chapter, we will learn the basic terms, types of trees, and different ways to traverse…
A Tree is a non-linear data structure used to store data hierarchically. Unlike arrays or linked lists, data in a tree is not stored in a straight line. Instead, data is arranged like a family tree, where one element is connected to many others. That is why this structure is called a tree. Why do…
A queue is one of the simplest data structures in Java. It works exactly like a line of people waiting for their turn; the one who comes first is served first. A Queue is a data structure that works just like a real-life queue (line) of people. Imagine you are standing in line at a…
A Stack is one of the easiest data structures to learn. It works like a stack of plates: you add things on the top, and you remove things from the top. Think about how you stack plates in your kitchen. A Stack in programming works in the same way. We always work with the top…
A Circular Linked List is almost the same as a singly linked list, but with one important difference: the last node does not point to null. Instead, it points back to the first node of the list.This creates a circle, which makes continuous traversal very easy. In this chapter, we will implement a circular linked…
A Doubly Linked List is a type of linked list where every node has two links – one pointing to the next node and another pointing to the previous node. This makes it easier to move in both directions. A Doubly Linked List is an improved version of the Singly Linked List. In this structure,…
A Singly Linked List is one of the simplest data structures used to store a collection of elements. Unlike arrays, a linked list does not keep elements in continuous memory. Instead, each element, called a node, stores two things: Because each node points to the next one, the entire list forms a chain-like structure. Example:…